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Puzzles

An integral

Source: Alex Bolton (inspired by Book Proofs blog)
What is
$$\int_0^{\frac\pi2}\frac1{1+\tan^a(x)}\,dx?$$

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Find them all

Find all continuous positive functions, \(f\) on \([0,1]\) such that:
$$\int_0^1 f(x) dx=1\\ \mathrm{and }\int_0^1 xf(x) dx=\alpha\\ \mathrm{and }\int_0^1 x^2f(x) dx=\alpha^2$$

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Integrals

$$\int_0^1 1 dx = 1$$
Find \(a_1\) such that:
$$\int_0^{a_1} x dx = 1$$
Find \(a_2\) such that:
$$\int_0^{a_2} x^2 dx = 1$$
Find \(a_n\) such that (for \(n>0\)):
$$\int_0^{a_n} x^n dx = 1$$

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Double derivative

What is
$$\frac{d}{dy}\left(\frac{dy}{dx}\right)$$
when:
(i) \(y=x\)
(ii) \(y=x^2\)
(iii) \(y=x^3\)
(iv) \(y=x^n\)
(v) \(y=e^x\)
(vi) \(y=\sin(x)\)?

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Differentiate this

$$f(x)=e^{x^{ \frac{\ln{\left(\ln{x}\right)}}{ \ln{x}}} }$$
Find \(f'(x)\).

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x to the power of x again

Let \(y=x^{x^{x^{x^{...}}}}\) [\(x\) to the power of (\(x\) to the power of (\(x\) to the power of (\(x\) to the power of ...))) with an infinite number of \(x\)s]. What is \(\frac{dy}{dx}\)?

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